Citrus Rust Mites: A Guide for Backyard Growers
What are Citrus Rust Mites?
Citrus rust mites are tiny pests that feed on citrus trees. They are so small that you can’t see them with the naked eye, but they can cause big problems for your fruit.
There are two main types of citrus rust mites: the citrus rust mite (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) and the pink rust mite (Aculops pelekassi). The citrus rust mite is more common on oranges, while the pink rust mite is more common on lemons.
How to Identify Citrus Rust Mites
Citrus rust mites are wedge-shaped and pink or yellow in color. They feed on the leaves, stems, and fruit of citrus trees.
On fruit, citrus rust mites cause two types of damage:
- Sharkskin: This is a rough, light-colored texture that develops on fruit that is fed on early in the season.
- Bronzing: This is a smooth, dark brown discoloration that develops on fruit that is fed on in summer or fall.
How to Control Citrus Rust Mites
The damage caused by citrus rust mites is mostly cosmetic, so it is not necessary to control them if you are not planning to sell your fruit. However, if you want to keep your fruit looking its best, there are a few things you can do:
- Use miticides: Miticides are pesticides that can be used to kill citrus rust mites.
- Increase canopy density: Mite populations are less likely to explode under a thick canopy of leaves, so judicious pruning may help to lessen their numbers.
- Prune your trees: Pruning can help to remove infected leaves and stems, and it can also help to improve air circulation, which can make it more difficult for mites to spread.
How to Prevent Citrus Rust Mites
There are a few things you can do to prevent citrus rust mites from infesting your trees:
- Inspect your trees regularly: Look for signs of mites, such as sharkskin or bronzing on the fruit, or yellow or pink specks on the leaves.
- Keep your trees healthy: Healthy trees are less likely to be infested by mites. Make sure your trees are getting enough water and fertilizer, and protect them from pests and diseases.
- Use resistant varieties: Some varieties of citrus trees are more resistant to rust mites than others. If you are planting new trees, consider choosing a resistant variety.
Additional Tips
- Citrus rust mites are most active in hot, dry weather. Be sure to water your trees regularly during these times.
- Mites can spread from tree to tree through contact. Avoid pruning or working on infected trees when they are wet, as this can spread the mites.
- Citrus rust mites can also be spread by birds and insects. Keep your trees free of these pests by using bird netting and insect repellent.
By following these tips, you can help to protect your citrus trees from rust mites and keep your fruit looking its best.
