Marsh Marigolds: A Guide to the Perky Yellow Flowers of Spring
What are Marsh Marigolds?
Marsh marigolds are perky yellow flowers that bloom in moist woodlands and boggy areas from April to June. They are members of the Ranunculaceae family, which also includes buttercups and anemones. Marsh marigolds are not related to traditional garden marigolds, which are members of the Asteraceae family.
The scientific name for marsh marigolds is Caltha palustris. They are herbaceous perennials, meaning that they live for more than two years and have soft, non-woody stems. Marsh marigolds are not considered true herbs, as their leaves and buds are poisonous unless they are cooked with several coverings of water.
Physical Characteristics
Marsh marigolds are typically 1 to 2 feet (31-61 cm) tall and have a mounding habit. They are succulents, which means that they have thick, fleshy leaves that store water. The flowers of marsh marigolds are borne on sepals, as the plant has no petals. Sepals are leaf-like structures that protect the flower bud before it opens. The sepals of marsh marigolds are typically bright yellow, but some species have white or pink sepals.
The foliage of marsh marigolds is attractive and waxy. The leaves can be heart-shaped, kidney-shaped, or rounded. The floating marsh marigold (C. natans) is a smaller species that grows in more northern areas. It has hollow stems that allow it to float on water.
Habitat and Distribution
Marsh marigolds are native to North America and Europe. They are found in moist woodlands, bogs, marshes, and along the edges of ponds and streams. They prefer well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter.
Growing Marsh Marigolds
Marsh marigolds are easy to grow in moist, well-draining soil. They can also tolerate boggy conditions. Marsh marigolds should be planted in full sun or partial shade. They should be watered regularly, especially during hot, dry weather.
Marsh marigolds can be propagated by seed or division. Seeds should be sown in the fall or early spring. Division can be done in the spring or fall.
Uses
Marsh marigolds are attractive plants that can be used to add color to moist gardens. They are also a good choice for attracting butterflies and hummingbirds.
In some cultures, marsh marigolds have been used for medicinal purposes. However, it is important to note that marsh marigolds are poisonous if ingested raw.
Marsh Marigold Folklore
Marsh marigolds have been associated with a number of myths and legends. In some cultures, they are said to bring good luck. In other cultures, they are said to be associated with fairies and magic.
One old-wives tale says that marsh marigolds can be used to add a yellow color to butter. This is because the flowers contain a pigment called carotene, which is also found in carrots and other yellow vegetables.
Marsh Marigolds in the Landscape
Marsh marigolds are a beautiful and easy-to-grow plant that can add a splash of color to any moist garden. They are a good choice for planting near ponds, streams, or in boggy areas. Marsh marigolds are also a good choice for attracting butterflies and hummingbirds.
Tips for Growing Marsh Marigolds
- Choose a planting site that is moist and well-draining.
- Plant marsh marigolds in full sun or partial shade.
- Water marsh marigolds regularly, especially during hot, dry weather.
- Fertilize marsh marigolds with a balanced fertilizer in the spring.
- Divide marsh marigolds every few years to prevent them from becoming overcrowded.
- Marsh marigolds are relatively pest-free, but they can be susceptible to aphids and slugs.
