Nasturtiums: Edible Flowers with Many Benefits
Introduction
Nasturtiums are versatile plants that are both beautiful and useful in the garden. They are fully edible, and their flowers, leaves, and seeds can be used in a variety of culinary and medicinal applications. Nasturtiums are also known for their ability to attract aphids away from other plants, making them a great companion plant for many vegetables.
Types of Nasturtiums
There are over 50 varieties of nasturtiums, each with its own unique characteristics. Some popular varieties include:
- Tropaeolum majus: This is the most common type of nasturtium, and it is often used in salads, sandwiches, and other dishes.
- Tropaeolum minus: This variety has smaller flowers and leaves than T. majus, and it is often used as a groundcover or in hanging baskets.
- Tropaeolum peregrinum: This climbing nasturtium has long, trailing vines that can reach up to 10 feet in length. It is often used to cover fences, trellises, and other structures.
Growing Nasturtiums
Nasturtiums are easy to grow from seed, and they can be started indoors or outdoors. If you are starting seeds indoors, sow them in a peat pot filled with moist potting mix. Keep the pot warm and moist, and transplant the seedlings outdoors after the last frost.
If you are planting seeds directly outdoors, sow them in a sunny location with well-drained soil. Water the seeds well, and keep the soil moist until the seedlings emerge.
Care and Maintenance
Nasturtiums are relatively low-maintenance plants. They do not need a lot of water or fertilizer, and they can tolerate poor soil conditions. However, they will produce more flowers and leaves if they are given regular water and fertilizer.
To encourage climbing nasturtiums to grow up a trellis or other structure, provide them with a support system such as a string or wire.
Companion Planting
Nasturtiums are a great companion plant for many vegetables, including tomatoes, peppers, and cucumbers. They help to repel aphids and other pests, and they can also improve the flavor of the vegetables they are planted with.
Edible Uses
All parts of the nasturtium plant are edible, including the flowers, leaves, and seeds. The flowers have a peppery flavor, and they can be used in salads, sandwiches, and other dishes. The leaves are also edible, and they can be used in salads, soups, and stews. The seeds are edible, and they can be used as a pepper substitute.
Medicinal Uses
Nasturtiums have a long history of use in traditional medicine. They have been used to treat a variety of ailments, including scurvy, urinary tract infections, and skin problems. Nasturtiums are also a good source of vitamins A, C, and K.
Conclusion
Nasturtiums are versatile plants that are easy to grow and care for. They are a great addition to any garden, and they can be used in a variety of culinary and medicinal applications.
