Armillaria Peach Rot: A Serious Threat to Peach Trees
Introduction
Armillaria peach rot, also known as peach oak rot, is a devastating fungal disease that affects peach trees and other stone fruits. This disease can be challenging to diagnose, as it often persists deep within the root system for years before visible symptoms appear. By the time symptoms do appear, the tree is typically heavily infected and difficult to treat.
What is Armillaria Peach Rot?
Armillaria peach rot is caused by a fungus that spreads through mycelium growing in the soil. The symptoms of this disease vary depending on the species of tree infected. When examining the roots of infected trees, you may observe white to yellowish, fan-shaped mycelia mats between the bark and the wood, accompanied by a distinct mushroom-like aroma.
The fungus spreads through stands of trees via rhizomorphs, which resemble rhizomes. These dark brown to black rhizomorphs can sometimes be seen on the root surface. The fungus survives on these rhizomorphs and in both dead and living roots.
Symptoms of Armillaria Peach Rot
Above-ground symptoms of Armillaria peach rot initially manifest as wilted, limp foliage, often with upper limbs dying back. As the disease progresses, the tree may experience stunted growth, yellowing leaves, and eventually death.
How to Control Armillaria Peach Rot
Unfortunately, there is no absolute cure for Armillaria peach rot. However, there are several management strategies that can help control the disease and minimize its impact on peach trees.
Cultural Controls
- Avoid planting peaches in areas where oaks have recently been cleared or where there is a history of the disease.
- Remove infected trees and stumps promptly to prevent the spread of the fungus.
- Dig trenches around infected trees and line them with plastic tarping to prevent healthy tree roots from coming into contact with infected ones.
- Expose the upper roots and crown of infected trees to the air during the growing season to slow the progression of the disease.
Chemical Controls
- Fumigation can be used to control Armillaria peach rot, but it is a costly and often ineffective process.
- Prior to fumigating, remove all infected trees, roots, and stumps as much as possible, including adjacent trees that may be infected.
- Fumigate during the summer or early fall.
Maintaining Tree Health
Maintaining the overall health of peach trees is crucial for preventing and managing Armillaria peach rot. Avoid stressing or injuring trees, as weakened trees are more susceptible to disease. Proper watering, fertilization, and pruning practices can help keep trees healthy and resilient.
Conclusion
Armillaria peach rot is a serious disease that can significantly impact peach production. By understanding the disease, its symptoms, and control measures, growers can take proactive steps to protect their trees and mitigate the effects of this devastating disease.
