Winged Beans: A Nutritious and Versatile Legume
Introduction
Winged beans, also known as goa beans and princess beans, are a unique and nutritious legume that is gaining popularity in the United States. Native to Asia, winged beans are known for their high protein content and their ability to thrive in hot, humid climates.
What are Winged Beans?
Winged beans are a vining plant with 3 to 6 inch long leaves and 6 to 9 inch long pods. The pods have four angled “wings” that run lengthwise, giving the beans their name. The seeds of winged beans look like soybeans and are round and green. Some varieties of winged beans also produce a large tuber that can be eaten raw or cooked.
Nutritional Benefits of Winged Beans
Winged beans are a nutritional powerhouse. They are an excellent source of protein, containing up to 20% protein in their tubers. This is significantly higher than other edible tubers, such as yams and potatoes, which typically contain less than 7% protein.
In addition to protein, winged beans are also a good source of vitamins and minerals, including iron, calcium, and vitamin C. They are also a good source of dietary fiber, which is important for digestive health.
How to Grow Winged Beans
Growing winged beans is similar to growing bush snap beans. However, winged bean seeds are difficult to germinate and must be scarified (nicked) or soaked in water overnight before planting. Winged beans also need short, cool days to promote blooming, but they are frost-sensitive.
In southern Florida, winged beans are typically grown in the winter. Farther north, the shorter, frost-free days of fall are more ideal. Winged beans grow best in hot, wet climates with plenty of rainfall or irrigation. They can tolerate a wide range of soil types, but they prefer well-drained soil with a pH of 6.0 to 7.0.
Harvesting Winged Beans
Winged bean pods should be harvested when they are young and tender, about two weeks after pollination has occurred. The pods can be eaten fresh, cooked, or pickled. The tubers can be eaten raw or cooked, and they are a good source of starch and fiber.
Potential Pests and Diseases
Winged beans can be susceptible to pests and diseases, including mites, nematodes, and powdery mildew. To prevent these problems, it is important to keep the plants healthy and well-watered. You can also use organic pest control methods, such as neem oil or insecticidal soap.
Conclusion
Winged beans are a nutritious and versatile legume that can be grown in a variety of climates. They are easy to grow and can be used in a variety of dishes. If you are looking for a new and exciting vegetable to add to your garden, winged beans are a great option.
