Artichokes: A Delightful Treat from the Garden
Artichokes are unique and delicious edible plants that resemble thistles. They can grow up to 5 feet tall and produce flower buds that look like dark green pinecones, about 4 inches in diameter. The buds are surrounded by leathery bracts and contain a purple-blue flower.
Types of Artichokes
There are two main types of artichokes:
Globe artichokes: These have round buds and are the most common type grown in the United States.
Violetta artichokes: These have long, tapered buds and are known for their delicate flavor.
Jerusalem artichokes (sunchokes): These are not true artichokes but are tubers that grow underground. They are members of the sunflower family.
When and How to Harvest Artichokes
Artichoke harvest season typically begins in late July or early August and continues until the first frost. Buds should be harvested when they reach full size, just before the bracts start to spread open.
To harvest artichokes, simply cut off the bud along with about 3 inches of stem. For Jerusalem artichokes, tubers should be dug up from the ground after the first frost.
How to Tell When Artichokes Are Ripe
The key to harvesting artichokes at the right time is to watch the plants carefully. Once flower buds begin to form, it’s important to provide the right conditions for the plant so that it doesn’t become stressed.
If the artichokes are not harvested at the ideal time, they will form purple flowers. These flowers can be cut and used in fresh or dried arrangements.
Artichoke Harvest Concerns
Although artichokes are relatively easy to grow, they need a certain number of chilling days to flower properly. It’s best to plant artichokes early in the season to ensure they get the necessary chilling period.
Other factors that can affect artichoke harvest include:
- Water: Artichokes need regular watering, especially during hot, dry weather.
- Fertilizer: Artichokes benefit from being fertilized regularly with a balanced fertilizer.
- Mulch: Mulching around artichoke plants helps to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Additional Tips for Harvesting Artichokes
- Use a sharp knife to cut the artichoke buds.
- Cut the buds at a slight angle to prevent water from collecting in the center.
- Handle the artichokes gently to avoid bruising them.
- Store artichokes in a cool, dark place until you’re ready to use them.
With a little care and attention, you can enjoy a bountiful harvest of delicious artichokes from your own garden.
